Lesson no 5:The Psychodynamic Approach/ Model:Short Questions.
Who is the founder of the psychodynamic approach? Sigmund Freud is the founder of the psychodynamic approach.
According to Freud, what are the three parts of the personality structure? The three parts are the id, ego, and superego.
What is the driving force behind the id? The driving force behind the id is the instinctual energy of life and death instincts, operating on the pleasure principle.
Which part of the personality operates on the reality principle? The ego operates on the reality principle.
What is the function of the superego? The superego represents the moral demands of society and family, acting as the conscience.
Name the first stage of Freud’s psychosexual development. The first stage is the Oral Stage.
What is the defense mechanism where unacceptable thoughts are pushed into the unconscious? Repression is the defense mechanism where unacceptable thoughts are pushed into the unconscious.
In dream analysis, what is the “manifest content”? The manifest content is the obvious, apparent story of the dream.
Explain the principle of “Psychic Determinism.” Psychic Determinism is the principle that all behavior, including slips of the tongue and dreams, is determined by unconscious motivations and conflicts, not by chance.
How does the ego mediate between the id and the superego? The ego tries to satisfy the id’s desires in a way that is realistic and socially acceptable, thereby navigating the demands of the id and the moral constraints of the superego.
What is the purpose of defense mechanisms according to psychodynamic theory? Defense mechanisms protect the ego from the anxiety produced by conflicts between the id, superego, and reality by distorting reality or redirecting impulses.
Explain the Oedipus complex. The Oedipus complex is a stage in phallic development where a male child feels resentment toward his father and desire for his mother. Resolution involves identifying with the father.
Why is free association used in psychoanalysis? Free association is used to bypass the ego’s defenses and access unconscious material by having the patient say whatever comes to mind without censorship.
How did Alfred Adler’s view of human motivation differ from Freud’s? Adler believed people are primarily motivated by social urges and a striving for superiority to overcome feelings of inferiority, whereas Freud emphasized sexual and aggressive instincts.
What is the role of anxiety in psychodynamic theory? Anxiety is a signal from the ego that unacceptable unconscious impulses are threatening to break into consciousness, triggering the use of defense mechanisms.
How did Carl Jung’s concept of the unconscious differ from Freud’s? Jung believed in a personal unconscious (similar to Freud’s) and a collective unconscious, which contains universal, inherited archetypes common to all humanity.
What was Karen Horney’s main criticism of Freudian theory regarding gender? Horney disagreed with Freud’s biological basis for psychological differences between genders, arguing that social and cultural factors were more influential.
A man who is angry with his boss comes home and yells at his children. Which defense mechanism is this? This is an example of the defense mechanism Displacement.
A patient in therapy has a strong emotional reaction to the therapist, seeing them as a parental figure. What is this process called? This process is called Transference.
A person who smokes heavily rationalizes that it’s not a big deal because everyone dies someday. Which defense mechanism is this? This is an example of Rationalization.
A child fixated at the anal stage might, as an adult, be excessively orderly and stubborn. How does psychodynamic theory explain this? The theory explains this as resulting from unresolved conflicts during toilet training, leading to the development of an “anal-retentive” personality.
A dream about failing an exam is interpreted by a psychoanalyst as representing a deeper fear of life failure. The fear of life failure represents what part of the dream? It represents the Latent Content of the dream.
A person consistently forgets the name of a person they dislike. Which defense mechanism is likely at play? Repression is likely at play.
A therapist focuses on helping a client overcome their “inferiority complex.” Which neo-Freudian’s theory are they using? They are using Alfred Adler’s theory.
How might a psychodynamic theorist interpret a recurring dream about being chased? They might interpret it as a manifestation of unconscious anxiety, perhaps related to a repressed memory, conflict, or an internal impulse that the dreamer is trying to escape.
